Thursday, December 31, 2020
Tuesday, December 29, 2020
Saturday, December 26, 2020
Monday, December 21, 2020
Wednesday, December 16, 2020
Thursday, October 08, 2020
Wednesday, October 07, 2020
Friday, October 02, 2020
Wednesday, September 30, 2020
Monday, September 28, 2020
Saturday, September 26, 2020
Tuesday, September 22, 2020
Sunday, September 20, 2020
Saturday, September 19, 2020
Friday, September 18, 2020
Thursday, September 17, 2020
Wednesday, September 16, 2020
Monday, September 14, 2020
Sunday, September 13, 2020
ફી પેમેન્ટ ઓપ્શન ચાલુ છે🙃
અમદાવાદના ઈન્કટેકસ ઓફિસ પાસે આવેલી શ્રી મહાત્મા ગાંધી સ્થાપિત ગુજરાત વિધાપીઠ દ્વારા વિદ્યાર્થીઓની ફી ભરવામાં કોઈ મુશ્કેલી ના થાય અને કોઈ ક્ષુદ્ર ચૂક ના કારણે ફી ના ભરવાનો જઘન્ય અપરાધને અટકાવવા, વહીવટી વિભાગ દ્વારા વિદ્યાપીઠની અધિકૃત વેબસાઈટ પર ઓનલાઈન ફી પેમેન્ટ નો ઓપ્શન ચાલુ રહે તેની ખાસ તકેદારી રાખવામાં આવી છે.
આ વિશે આનંદની લાગણી વ્યક્ત કરતા ઘણા વિદ્યાર્થીઓએ જણાવ્યું કે તેઓ સંસ્થાની આ જોગવાઈથી ધન્ય થઈ ગયા છે, હવે તેઓને કોરોના સામેની લડાઇમાં આત્મબળ મળી ગયું છે. કેટલાક તો 'કીપ ડિસ્ટન્સ' ના મહાન સિદ્ધાંત ને સાકાર કરતાં જોઈ રહ્યા છે.
જોકે અમુક સદાબહાર ના ખુ શો વેબસાઈટમાં સ્ટુડન્ટ્સ ગ્રિવાન્સનો ઓપ્શન ખુલી ના રહ્યો હોવાની તદ્દન સમાન્ય બાબત તરફ ધ્યાન દોરવાનું ચૂક્યા નહી, પણ તેઓએ ખાતરી આપી છે કે આ સમસ્યા ને લઈ તેઓ ઓનલાઈન આંદોલન કરવાના મૂડમાં નથી.
આ બાબતે સંસ્થાના અધિકારી સાથે વાત કરતા તેમણે જણાવ્યું કે કોરોના ની આ સંકટ ની પરિસ્થિતિ માં સંસ્થાએ વિદ્યાર્થીઓની નાના માં નાની સમસ્યાઓ માટે પણ સંવેદનશીલ છે, અને સ્ટુડન્ટ્સ ગ્રિવાન્સ ના ઓનલાઈન ઓપ્શન મુદ્દે તેઓ ચોક્કસ થી આવતી ટ્રસ્ટી મંડળ બેઠકમાં બુલંદ અવાજ ઉઠાવવાનો ઈરાદો રાખે છે. વધુમાં તેઓ એ સમસ્ત વિદ્યાર્થીગણ ને સંસ્થાના વહીવટદારો માં શ્રદ્ધા રાખવાનો અલખ સંદેશ આપ્યો છે.
Saturday, September 12, 2020
Friday, September 11, 2020
Thursday, September 10, 2020
હરખપદુડા
૬-૬ મહિનાઓ વીત્યા,
વાતો હવે વાંચનની થઈ જૂની
કોઈ ના પૂછે સામેથી, પૂછો તો કેય,
આદેશ નથી કોઈ ઉપરથી.
પણ તોય આ હરખપદુડા પાછા ના પડતા,
'હેપ્પી બર્થડે દાદી🎂, મિસ યુ GVP 😭
જૂની યાદે' વગેરે વગેરે.... સ્ટે ટ્સ.
" બેટા, ૬-૬ મહિનાથી ઘેર છો,
પૈસા - બૈસા, જોઇતા તો નથી ને!"
આવું રામવચન કોઈ સદભાગી એ જ સાંભળ્યું હશે.
પણ ફી નું ફળફળિયું સમયસર મળી જશે.
તોય હરખપદુડા પાછા ના પડતા.
એમને ખાલી પડેલા કાટમાળ નો ખાલીપો અસહ્ય લાગે🥺🥺
જેઓને ઑફલાઈન ભણાવતા જીવનભર ના આવડ્યું તેઓ હવે ઓનલાઇન ભણાવે..🤔
અને જેઓએ જિંદગી આખી ૧૫,૦૦૦ ના મોબાઈલ ના સેલ્ફી જ લીધા તે ઓનલાઈન ભણે🤭
તોય હરખપદુડા પાછા ના પડતા
'૫ લાખ પુસ્તકો વાળા ચેપી પુસ્તકાલયનું બારણું હવે ક્યારે ખુલશે' પૂછો તો ખરાં?
Tuesday, September 01, 2020
Communication models chronology
Gatekeeping by Kurt Lewin 1943
Shannon and Weaver 1947
Laswell 1948
Newcomb 1953
Schramm 1954
Osgood 1954
Gerbner 1956
S M C R 1960
Dance's Helical 1967
Becker's Mosaic 1968
Andersch Stats and Bostrom 1969
Barnlund's Transactional 1970
Convergence/Interactive 1979
Monday, August 31, 2020
Media laws list
First Press Regulation 1799
Metcalfe Act-XI 1835
Gagging Act-1857
The Indian Penal Code-1860
The Press and Registration of Books Act-1867
Sea Customs Act-1878
Vernacular Press Act-1878
The Dramatic Perfomances Act-1978
The Indian Telegraph Act-1885
Indian Official
Secrets Act of 1889
The Indian Post Office Act-1898
Criminal Law Amendment Act-1908
Newspapers (Incitement to Offences) 1908
India Press Act-1910
The Prevention of Seditious Meetings Act-1911
Design Act- 1911
Protection against Disaffection Act-1922
Official Secrets Act-1923
Press Emergency Act
Powers-1931
The Foreign
Relations Act-1932
Indian States
(Protection) Act-1934
Drugs and Cosmetics Act-1940
Pharmacy Act-1948
Drugs Control Act-1950
Press Objectionable Act- 1951
The Cinematograph Act- 1952
Delivery of Books & Newspapers (Public and Libraries) Act- 1954
Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisement) Act-1954
Prize Competition Act-1955
Parliamentary Proceedings (Protection of Publication) Act-1956
Young Persons (Harmful Publication) Act-1956
Registration of Newspapers In India- 1956
Copyright Act-1957
The Working Journalist Act-1958
Trade Mark Act-1958
Defense of India Act-1962
Press Council of India Act-1965/66
Press Council Act-1970
Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act- 1969/70
Patent Act-1970
Contempt of Court Act-1971
The Code of Criminal Procedure Act- 1973/74
Finance Act- 1978
The Indecent Representation of Woman Prohibition Act-1986
Prasar Bharti Act-1990
The Cable Television Network Regulation Act- 1995
Information Technology Act- 2000
Right to Information Act- 2005
Thursday, May 28, 2020
Assignment (MJMC Sem-2, Paper-6)
Assignment for the second semester
Subject - ‘Editing In Print Media’
Paper 06
Topic- Necessity, principles and process of editing
Guide- Dr. Vinod Pandey
The generation of 21st century enjoys digital media 24 hours, thanks to the economic data packs and the rolling Internet connectivity. Every need of entertainment and information can be satisfied with just a flick of the finger. The latest graphic media has captured the soles of the youngsters to the bones. The high definition video games not only entertain but also becomes a platform to interact with the machines and man simultaneously. The social media have been tremendously successful in allowing the much desired expressiveness of the young blood. No matter, what type of the content, it sells; the only condition is it must entertain. This platform has long ago banished any such word as ethical from its techno-emoji vocabulary. Most of the much popular social media platforms, be it Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp or Instagram, all have made the user the chief in command of his/her content.
The world of print media, however still abides by the selective approach in terms of content. Although newspapers and magazines are not popularly known by the name of social media, but the style of presentation is more social than that of social media. Starting from the news gathering to news production; layout, news-advertisement ratio, and the attack on the major governmental policy through constructive editorials, all comes under the authority of editor of the newspaper. It is the editor by whose name the newspaper gets published everyday.
An editor is the captain of his newspaper. The way a ship requires a lot of mechanism in order to run in the sea, a newspaper too requires complex coordination of various departments and activities. The editor makes sure that all the connected departments finish the task assigned to them before the deadline. For instance, a lapse in coordination between advertisement and news department could lead to the delay in publishing of the newspaper. Therefore all the departments of news making- Editorial department, Advertising department, Circulation department, Publishing department, and Administrative department- are held directly responsible to the editor. Many people believe that an editor’ task in newspaper is to write editorial and be the Supreme voice in news selection. This is however quite diminutive view to editor especially in the present context.
Every newspaper has particular hierarchy in terms of the required duty for every employee to perform. To better understand, one can organize them in the following hierarchical ladder.
• Publisher
• Editor-in-chief
• Managing Editor
• Assignment Editor
• Copy Editor
Let us now look at some minute tasks of sub editors and copy editors which require extreme concentration. A copy editor has to design layout for the news which is assigned to him. He/she also has to give suitable headlines to the news which require an acute sense of news and linguistic competency. Modern day editors also must have good understanding of photograph and graphics as hardly any prominent newspaper go without them. All this leads to the constant micro editing on the part of sub editors.
‘Unease lays the head that wears the crown’, the editor has to be constant vigil and keep his back ready for any inadvertent result of news publication. The Gate keeping model of communication lays great emphasis on the role of editors in the news making business. According to this theory, the editors decide if the particular news should be published or thrown in the bin. Thus, the editors are in the command position of news dissemination.
Renowned English writer George Orwell said that, ‘Journalism is printing what someone else does not want printed; everything else is public relations.’ His words help in understanding the serious business of editor ship. A good editor always has some fundamental principles regarding life. He is a visionary, a principled figure who is greater than life itself. For instance, the founding father of The Indian Express newspaper, Ramnath Goenka, whose newspaper still run by the tag line, ‘Journalism of Courage’. The tag line shows the temper of its proprietor Goenka who did not like to bow down before the bureaucrats. For the sake of generalization, one can have some principles elaborated.
• Honesty: it is the basic requirement in any civil society. A man/woman first should be honest as a human being, let alone a newspaper editor. Newspapers play a crucial role in building up of a civilized society by providing truthful information to the readers. The editor must professionally be honest while in selection of news. If he is dishonest figure then the newspaper too will negatively impact the mass audience of the nation.
• Vision: A true editor will have a vision for his newspaper. He must lead his newspaper in the direction of mass welfare. The readers of newspapers are not always able to understand the deeper implications of the governmental policy, so the editor helps them better learn by warning them in advance through his editorials.
• Inclusiveness: A society is made up of varying strands of people. An editor must know the difference between the powerful and the powerless. He should protect the interests of the downtrodden, meanwhile giving proper space to the powerful too.
• Fearlessness: Journalism is called the forth pillar of democracy. A timid editor can never make bold decision in regard of the continuance of some story. There are many incidents of journalists losing their life while telling the deaf a deaf and blind a blind on his face. But it is what true media stands for. The onus rests on the shoulder of the editor to protect his\her journalists and writers when they are writing against the powerful people of society.
• Democratic attitude: The emergence of the press itself was due to give voice to the people, the mass and not for the rulers. Therefore, democratic ideas must fountain up from the news stories, columns, features and editorials in the newspapers. A good editor should always remain uninfluenced and unamused to the world of politics, personal likes and dislikes. One thing, he must know that he/she is the representative for the mass, not agent of the government. The editor must unveil all the disguised attacks of authority on the Democratic constitution of the nation.
To sum up in short, the work of editor is much complex and highly responsible. It is both a social service and professional which needs efficiency and smartness to survive in the industry. Therefore, the editor must synchronize the contrasting events and aspects of news making process.
From- Alpeshkumar Makvana
First Year, Second Semester, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, Gujarat Vidyapith, Ahmedabad.
Subject - ‘Editing In Print Media’
Paper 06
Topic- Necessity, principles and process of editing
Guide- Dr. Vinod Pandey
The generation of 21st century enjoys digital media 24 hours, thanks to the economic data packs and the rolling Internet connectivity. Every need of entertainment and information can be satisfied with just a flick of the finger. The latest graphic media has captured the soles of the youngsters to the bones. The high definition video games not only entertain but also becomes a platform to interact with the machines and man simultaneously. The social media have been tremendously successful in allowing the much desired expressiveness of the young blood. No matter, what type of the content, it sells; the only condition is it must entertain. This platform has long ago banished any such word as ethical from its techno-emoji vocabulary. Most of the much popular social media platforms, be it Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp or Instagram, all have made the user the chief in command of his/her content.
The world of print media, however still abides by the selective approach in terms of content. Although newspapers and magazines are not popularly known by the name of social media, but the style of presentation is more social than that of social media. Starting from the news gathering to news production; layout, news-advertisement ratio, and the attack on the major governmental policy through constructive editorials, all comes under the authority of editor of the newspaper. It is the editor by whose name the newspaper gets published everyday.
An editor is the captain of his newspaper. The way a ship requires a lot of mechanism in order to run in the sea, a newspaper too requires complex coordination of various departments and activities. The editor makes sure that all the connected departments finish the task assigned to them before the deadline. For instance, a lapse in coordination between advertisement and news department could lead to the delay in publishing of the newspaper. Therefore all the departments of news making- Editorial department, Advertising department, Circulation department, Publishing department, and Administrative department- are held directly responsible to the editor. Many people believe that an editor’ task in newspaper is to write editorial and be the Supreme voice in news selection. This is however quite diminutive view to editor especially in the present context.
Every newspaper has particular hierarchy in terms of the required duty for every employee to perform. To better understand, one can organize them in the following hierarchical ladder.
• Publisher
• Editor-in-chief
• Managing Editor
• Assignment Editor
• Copy Editor
Let us now look at some minute tasks of sub editors and copy editors which require extreme concentration. A copy editor has to design layout for the news which is assigned to him. He/she also has to give suitable headlines to the news which require an acute sense of news and linguistic competency. Modern day editors also must have good understanding of photograph and graphics as hardly any prominent newspaper go without them. All this leads to the constant micro editing on the part of sub editors.
‘Unease lays the head that wears the crown’, the editor has to be constant vigil and keep his back ready for any inadvertent result of news publication. The Gate keeping model of communication lays great emphasis on the role of editors in the news making business. According to this theory, the editors decide if the particular news should be published or thrown in the bin. Thus, the editors are in the command position of news dissemination.
Renowned English writer George Orwell said that, ‘Journalism is printing what someone else does not want printed; everything else is public relations.’ His words help in understanding the serious business of editor ship. A good editor always has some fundamental principles regarding life. He is a visionary, a principled figure who is greater than life itself. For instance, the founding father of The Indian Express newspaper, Ramnath Goenka, whose newspaper still run by the tag line, ‘Journalism of Courage’. The tag line shows the temper of its proprietor Goenka who did not like to bow down before the bureaucrats. For the sake of generalization, one can have some principles elaborated.
• Honesty: it is the basic requirement in any civil society. A man/woman first should be honest as a human being, let alone a newspaper editor. Newspapers play a crucial role in building up of a civilized society by providing truthful information to the readers. The editor must professionally be honest while in selection of news. If he is dishonest figure then the newspaper too will negatively impact the mass audience of the nation.
• Vision: A true editor will have a vision for his newspaper. He must lead his newspaper in the direction of mass welfare. The readers of newspapers are not always able to understand the deeper implications of the governmental policy, so the editor helps them better learn by warning them in advance through his editorials.
• Inclusiveness: A society is made up of varying strands of people. An editor must know the difference between the powerful and the powerless. He should protect the interests of the downtrodden, meanwhile giving proper space to the powerful too.
• Fearlessness: Journalism is called the forth pillar of democracy. A timid editor can never make bold decision in regard of the continuance of some story. There are many incidents of journalists losing their life while telling the deaf a deaf and blind a blind on his face. But it is what true media stands for. The onus rests on the shoulder of the editor to protect his\her journalists and writers when they are writing against the powerful people of society.
• Democratic attitude: The emergence of the press itself was due to give voice to the people, the mass and not for the rulers. Therefore, democratic ideas must fountain up from the news stories, columns, features and editorials in the newspapers. A good editor should always remain uninfluenced and unamused to the world of politics, personal likes and dislikes. One thing, he must know that he/she is the representative for the mass, not agent of the government. The editor must unveil all the disguised attacks of authority on the Democratic constitution of the nation.
To sum up in short, the work of editor is much complex and highly responsible. It is both a social service and professional which needs efficiency and smartness to survive in the industry. Therefore, the editor must synchronize the contrasting events and aspects of news making process.
From- Alpeshkumar Makvana
First Year, Second Semester, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, Gujarat Vidyapith, Ahmedabad.
Friday, May 22, 2020
Request
It is pleasure to inform all of you that our honorable Vice Chancellor, Dr. Anamik Shah has finally asked us for our opinion and ideas as to the probable solution on part of us, for the present crises of Covid-19, in his letter, 04/2020/21, dated 20/05/2020. I hope you all have received and read it well.
Our respected VC has asked about our ideas, opinions to mitigate the impact of Corona virus in our local area. He also has assured us of all the necessary help if we initiated such activity. But as we all know, it has all the time been Ahmedabad, the worst hit place from this pandemic in whole Gujarat state.
I personally believe that if any kind of service for humanity should be conducted, it must be in Ahmedabad.
There are still plenty of out state laborers and Gujarati daily wage earners, who perhaps are finding it hard to survive due to continuous lockdown. Most of them are still on the road or in some unhygienic places as they have not enough money to stay in hygienic place.
What I propose is that our campus of Gujarat Vidyapith should be allowed for these people for temporary stay. Our campus is one of the best in terms of infrastructure and spaciousness.
Although, most of the rooms and buildings are already preoccupied with the students’ personal belongings, still our gymnasium courtyard, Mayur Garden, sports ground, both guest houses, and even the newly built big house of Chancellor can be allowed for those homeless and jobless mass.
This will benefit, both physically and psychologically, to this scattered class of homeless men and women. They can easily be served the basic necessities of life in our campus and distance can also be maintained among them. We can establish a screening center at the gate which will help identify those with symptoms of Covid-19. We can take sufficient help and guidance of Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation in this humble task.
In addition, a good number of our students are already willing to be volunteers in such services for humanity. This will give them a much necessary opportunity to truly understand the purpose of our Gandhian education by practically serving the community which has been often idealized in our books.
I know this task is difficult and dangerous for the campus staff and the volunteers. For any small mistake could lead to the spread of Corona among those who would be engaged in the service. But at such critical time, we must keep faith in ourselves. We have been training for so many years to live with discipline. Our vast experience of independent life and skill to survive on fewer means would be our guiding stars. At last, this is the holy land of Mahatma Gandhi, who himself was the greatest champion for the cause of the last men/women of society.
I, therefore, request all of you to mention this proposal to our honorable Vice Chancellor, when you respond to his email.
Alpeshkumar
Student, Department Of Journalism and Mass Communication, Gujarat Vidyapith, Ahmedabad.
Our respected VC has asked about our ideas, opinions to mitigate the impact of Corona virus in our local area. He also has assured us of all the necessary help if we initiated such activity. But as we all know, it has all the time been Ahmedabad, the worst hit place from this pandemic in whole Gujarat state.
I personally believe that if any kind of service for humanity should be conducted, it must be in Ahmedabad.
There are still plenty of out state laborers and Gujarati daily wage earners, who perhaps are finding it hard to survive due to continuous lockdown. Most of them are still on the road or in some unhygienic places as they have not enough money to stay in hygienic place.
What I propose is that our campus of Gujarat Vidyapith should be allowed for these people for temporary stay. Our campus is one of the best in terms of infrastructure and spaciousness.
Although, most of the rooms and buildings are already preoccupied with the students’ personal belongings, still our gymnasium courtyard, Mayur Garden, sports ground, both guest houses, and even the newly built big house of Chancellor can be allowed for those homeless and jobless mass.
This will benefit, both physically and psychologically, to this scattered class of homeless men and women. They can easily be served the basic necessities of life in our campus and distance can also be maintained among them. We can establish a screening center at the gate which will help identify those with symptoms of Covid-19. We can take sufficient help and guidance of Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation in this humble task.
In addition, a good number of our students are already willing to be volunteers in such services for humanity. This will give them a much necessary opportunity to truly understand the purpose of our Gandhian education by practically serving the community which has been often idealized in our books.
I know this task is difficult and dangerous for the campus staff and the volunteers. For any small mistake could lead to the spread of Corona among those who would be engaged in the service. But at such critical time, we must keep faith in ourselves. We have been training for so many years to live with discipline. Our vast experience of independent life and skill to survive on fewer means would be our guiding stars. At last, this is the holy land of Mahatma Gandhi, who himself was the greatest champion for the cause of the last men/women of society.
I, therefore, request all of you to mention this proposal to our honorable Vice Chancellor, when you respond to his email.
Alpeshkumar
Student, Department Of Journalism and Mass Communication, Gujarat Vidyapith, Ahmedabad.
Monday, May 11, 2020
Loophole in the structure
Corona virus has been relentlessly wracking havoc upon all the nations; the universal efforts of preventing the subtle disease have not met with significant satisfaction.
At first, it was hoped by most of the governments of the world that the universal panacea of ‘lockdown’ would hold back the Covid 19, and meanwhile the some health laboratories or institute would find out the vaccine for the disease.
Unfortunately, despite many nations claiming discovering the vaccine, none are confident enough of its feasibility.
Now the pressure is back on the governments which now have to doubly deal with the virus and the restoration of economies.
In the countries like India, majority of the population depend upon the daily wages and agriculture. The government of India has already started delivering cereals allotments, LPG gas and some monetary benefits to sustain the lower middle class people. There are also news of many state governments buying the agricultural produces from the farmers at the minimum prices. But the largest unstructured and unorganized class of laborers have borne the brunt of the situation. The biggest problem with the labor class is its disorganized state.
It would not be exaggeration to say that India has perhaps first time realized the complex structure of informal laborers. Most of the laborers do not belong to the place where they work, which makes it clear that they neither have their home nor its confidence to survive.
As soon as the third announcement of continuation of lockdown aired on the media, this class was forced to rely on their feet. It is not that the governments do not wish to help them but in sincere reality it has failed to realize the volatile impact which the laborers are now facing.
Many laborers, the men, women and children all are on the roads. Some have already come near to their destination and a few have broken their breaths while walking.
One of the most responsible reasons for the current hardships of the laborers is the inherent structural loopholes of system. It may be the first time that these loopholes have come out in the public. But they were always there.
If only the laborers have been accommodated with basic needs of social securities such as food, water, hygiene, the laborers would never have been so unconfident of the mere sustainability.
At first, it was hoped by most of the governments of the world that the universal panacea of ‘lockdown’ would hold back the Covid 19, and meanwhile the some health laboratories or institute would find out the vaccine for the disease.
Unfortunately, despite many nations claiming discovering the vaccine, none are confident enough of its feasibility.
Now the pressure is back on the governments which now have to doubly deal with the virus and the restoration of economies.
In the countries like India, majority of the population depend upon the daily wages and agriculture. The government of India has already started delivering cereals allotments, LPG gas and some monetary benefits to sustain the lower middle class people. There are also news of many state governments buying the agricultural produces from the farmers at the minimum prices. But the largest unstructured and unorganized class of laborers have borne the brunt of the situation. The biggest problem with the labor class is its disorganized state.
It would not be exaggeration to say that India has perhaps first time realized the complex structure of informal laborers. Most of the laborers do not belong to the place where they work, which makes it clear that they neither have their home nor its confidence to survive.
As soon as the third announcement of continuation of lockdown aired on the media, this class was forced to rely on their feet. It is not that the governments do not wish to help them but in sincere reality it has failed to realize the volatile impact which the laborers are now facing.
Many laborers, the men, women and children all are on the roads. Some have already come near to their destination and a few have broken their breaths while walking.
One of the most responsible reasons for the current hardships of the laborers is the inherent structural loopholes of system. It may be the first time that these loopholes have come out in the public. But they were always there.
If only the laborers have been accommodated with basic needs of social securities such as food, water, hygiene, the laborers would never have been so unconfident of the mere sustainability.
Sunday, May 10, 2020
You
You all alike come in flocks and packs
At the same time though from different lands.
You stay and stroll then stay again only to go.
‘You earn a lot’, They say.
‘But hide to haul back wafts of bundles.’
You ceaselessly produce and reproduce and then they produce.
They also say, ‘you come to pollute the towns you belong not.’
But you mostly walk on foot the way Gandhi did.
Monday, May 04, 2020
Need to have breath
Breath is the most fundamental requirement of any live being. It is a complex mechanism by which air is inhaled and exhaled out of bodies. All living organisms have distinct breathing mechanism. Both predator and prey use fast breathing in order to survive in the wild. For example, the cheetah uses its controlled breath enabling it to make a sprint and capture its prey. On the other hand crocodiles can hold their breath for a long period of time in water so that they can ambush its kill at the river bank.
Humans, always preferring to distinguish themselves superior to animals, have attributed breathing to a superhuman phenomenon. Like many other similar activities, breathing too holds more of a mental and spiritual layer of meaning than biological one for humans. It looks as if democracy has guaranteed each individual at least full freedom of breathing. Therefore, in most of the cultures of human society, breathing has been taken for granted for long.
The social world of man and women rather prefer to revolve around food, shelter and spouse hunting. From renaissance to globalization, these concepts of food, shelter and spouse have drastically changed. It is both a journey for freedom from oppressive hands and self expression of the voiceless in the society.
The scientific invention and theories of knowledge have completely baffled men and women alike. All areas of preceding centuries have been challenged. Both human and machine language have been restructured at the psychological level. The land, sea and sky have been explored at an unimaginable speed. The rise of Internet has forced the traditional repositories of knowledge to be public to be relevant. Even the subjects which were earlier considered a taboo, now explored at an unprecedented rate. The pure boundaries between all the isms such as idealism, realism, pragmatism etc., have disappeared into a complex web of superhero who more enthrals people than spending time in library.
All this hustle bustle has led to the birth of cyber word in which eye holds more influence and importance than other sensory organs. The 21st century man is perhaps the most busiest of all time in human history. All are so engrossed in the making of external life that our pure fundamental requirement of life ‘breath’ has physically evaporated into the haze in urban areas. Those who have achieved enough are so old that they prefer rest of their life peacefully and those who are young have yet to achieve all the material pleasures. Skill, something new is in demand everywhere.
Although there have been praiseworthy attempts by some religious and social institutes which directly or indirectly slow down this blind marathon for something. But all the same, most of the traditional institutes are struggling hard to survive in this crunching times. The young generation is either total apathetic to religion or are driven by the jingoism of it, as relief is unwelcome. Although the great literary scholar, T. S. Eliot had already lamented about this apathy, this stark absence for zeal of life, but interestingly the situation is rather different in this time of cyber world.
There are some significant vain attempts having one’s own share of joy by walking along the river bank with one’s puppy and children. Most of the upper middle class people are doing all this stuff and are highly satisfied of transmitting this practice to their progenies.
Moving on to rural life, the picture is still rather optimist for traditional economy rules here. Though overdoses of chemical fertilizers have seriously damaged the health of natural sources and somewhere company culture has replaced farming. But still, the majority of rural life is rather sound and safe at least in terms of health issues of humans. One more good thing about the rural life is its slow life. There is no unnatural and unhealthy haste in rural life.
Nowadays, Corona pandemic has shaken the all class and types of people. It has hit a blow to the human activities. In a very long period of time such situation has been forced upon this world where man/woman is forced to spend time with the self. It looks to many as if the breath has returned to them, although the worries of new forms of employment in washed economy keep haunting.
The Corona virus has come into global man’s life as some kind of mysterious teacher. It has not preached but shown miracle. It has successfully shown the hollowness of each and every mighty forms of institutes whether scientific or religious or even so called military might. In a swing of some magic wand, the Corona disease has transformed everything around us, both physically and mentally. Like some invisible enemy of Hollywood movie- The Predator- the Corona is picking out one by one each and everyone. Although many do not like to call the present situation as war but in reality it is way more dangerous than war. It is even more deadly than some type of fanatic religious campaigning. The pandemic has fatally struck a blow to the heroism of many a brave heart and their glory. This is no open arms battle and killing is completely futile. Only the constant consciousness of hygiene and a little portion of luck can save the humans.
In this dire situation we are advised to stay in home, though many don’t have it or have their home in remote regions. But do not those who are lucky enough to be in their home right now need to rethink our whole approach to life?
There are many news of improvements in natural habitats; both flora and fauna are blooming more cheerfully in the good absence of humans. Wild life seems to be rejuvenated and the animals seems to be rightfully claiming their territories with help of nature. The fish and sea both are glad to have us lost. The foam is much more brighter, the shores more serene and the rivers clean. The bees have spread the message of secured sources of food. The sparrows are chirping in a more confident way and parrots seems to be abandoning human language. It is also the very first time happened that in such long period of time, the cats and dogs are repenting on the decision of leaving the freedom of wild and choosing the slavery of humans. Human proximity has made them smart enough to be afraid of future calamities.
All this naturally leads us think, now we have nothing better to act, than think, what have we lost in our so called proud evolution and revolution that we are left with fear, suspicion, hatred, hunger and enemy of humankind whose cumulative existence rests upon uncertainty. It is not the first time that these types of existential questions raised first time. But the relevance of these question looks more genuine at such times of crisis. Moreover, the solution for this does not lie in some mysterious world of space or the scriptures. It is just as near as oneself if one can feel his\her breath and most distant like some hazy star of the space if one cannot feel it. In simple words, those who are well furnished with basic necessities of live must slow down and make sure that those who are bereft of this should get it. The breath can help achieve this ideal state in society. Concentrating breath can disentangle one from the unnecessary superfluities of oneself. One can soon realize that many of us are duly gifted with almost all the basic necessities to live in this world. This realization will soon lead to compassion for those who have not sufficient means for survival.
All such things may sound very spiritual to many and therefore could look futile. But looking at the paralytic state of majority of the people against the Covid 19 virus, the spiritual boost is also required along with all the other scientific measures. This is to remind those who highly blinded by the accumulative polices and have far removed themselves from their selves. It is for those who have successfully killed their inner being and still continuously influencing others to do so. For those too whose greed is multiplied and institutionalized with the help of twisted terms such humanity, social welfare, community participation. But in reality, the sprint is for gaining something material wealth under the mutual accordance of family, society, religion, market and even the state.
Although the quantity of curative measures taken against all type of oppression is unprecedented in this time. There are number of charity institutes and NGOs for the poor people and the other helpless living creatures. But if one can compare the rate of destruction to the rate of conservation, one would be startled to notice this gap of inequality. Our efforts however commendable would always become inadequate as this is not aim of the majority of people. At one side some people, whether governmental or non governmental are continuously trying to restore what has been wronged. On the contrary, some are using mass means of destruction to ravage the natural sources.
In the battle of ethics and law, they win who smartly manipulate the terminology of words. This point is not to discourage those who are rightly fighting against the injustice. This battle for justice must continue legally and socially. The efforts of restoration through religious, charity or whatever way continue, let them too go on. The crux of the point is to radically change our way of living. And humans do not have to go far to be inspired to do so.
Almost every civilization have produce some radicals who have successfully put a brake on this sheep line to fall off the cliffs. These saints have warned against the material pursuit of wealth. Unfortunately global time has established virtual wheels of individualism and materialism in the deepest layers of our psyche and freedom from this clutch of death requires self denial first and foremost.
Let us anyway hope that this crisis of Corona pandemic would at least result into some restoration of human consciousness.
Sunday, March 22, 2020
Friday, March 20, 2020
Back to dark
Morning is delicate, refreshing and filled with energy of beginning day but what appeals me more is village dawn, the rather darker, more mysterious time of nature when the virtuous have not awakened eyes yet and the vicious have long disappeared in the night.
If you have been disgusted with selfish, phony and short aged dark of urban life and want to slow down in life, its high time you should spend time in village at leisure in order to know the dark.
The dark of dawn allows us to become its intimate friend. The sky seems slowly opening its bosom just only before us. The lack of light will not frighten you if you accept its natural existence. Although you might be walking on the man made black tar road but it is also integrated part of nature. dense and optimist of sunlight.
Our cumulative culture had termed the dark as sinister, inauspicious, a kind of underworld where evil resides so humans should avoid it. In almost every myth of world, the dark is presented as something to be afraid. Our literatures are filled with heart rending description of dark and our paintings have poured over the bottles of black colour into our imagination so that we cannot think differently about dark. However, they cannot be blamed solely as they were encircled with limitless dark. It was a mystery for them to solve and therefor they imagined accordingly.
The time started to change especially after the renaissance in Europe. Every preconceived ideas, imagination and institutes were challenged. The efforts at demystification of phenomena were handsomely paid. We not only succeeded in braking the hegemony of priestly class which was considered most bewildered; we also replaced it with the more rational, scientific class of educated people. This whole journey of man is termed as transition of god centric world to man centric world; new trends of humanism came before us which gave priority to experiments rather than intuition. Since then the battle between reason and intuition has been going on till today.
Science and technology have been the masters of the modern day man. Men/women engaged in this fields have day and night toiled to remove the darkness-both materially and rationally- from human world and succeeded to a much significant way.
The darkness, which is termed as ignorance in figurative way, was a protective veil which barred us from knowing the its mystique of imperishable creation. As soon as the science helped us unveil this mystique, we have become the master of exploitation of nature.
The concept of nature as something to be worshipped, something to be afraid soon turned into ‘natural resources’ with passing of the dark.
Humanism which started in the 14th century against the irrationality of god centric world has turned into the unprecedented exploitative phenomenon which no historic or prehistoric era had ever witnessed. Rivers have been ravished, land destroyed, trees looted; birds and animals have been molested, bred and eaten alive. And yet the look at the human dictionary meaning of ‘humanity’ and ‘animality’.
Undoubtedly, new efforts at nature preservation have started and young men and women have coming out for the cause. But the real concern which still need greater amount of address is our sensibility for nature. We must reinvent that joy of being enthralled and awed by natural phenomena. We must change our terminology to nature centric words. Only then this ‘son of man’ can save his existence.
If you have been disgusted with selfish, phony and short aged dark of urban life and want to slow down in life, its high time you should spend time in village at leisure in order to know the dark.
The dark of dawn allows us to become its intimate friend. The sky seems slowly opening its bosom just only before us. The lack of light will not frighten you if you accept its natural existence. Although you might be walking on the man made black tar road but it is also integrated part of nature. dense and optimist of sunlight.
Our cumulative culture had termed the dark as sinister, inauspicious, a kind of underworld where evil resides so humans should avoid it. In almost every myth of world, the dark is presented as something to be afraid. Our literatures are filled with heart rending description of dark and our paintings have poured over the bottles of black colour into our imagination so that we cannot think differently about dark. However, they cannot be blamed solely as they were encircled with limitless dark. It was a mystery for them to solve and therefor they imagined accordingly.
The time started to change especially after the renaissance in Europe. Every preconceived ideas, imagination and institutes were challenged. The efforts at demystification of phenomena were handsomely paid. We not only succeeded in braking the hegemony of priestly class which was considered most bewildered; we also replaced it with the more rational, scientific class of educated people. This whole journey of man is termed as transition of god centric world to man centric world; new trends of humanism came before us which gave priority to experiments rather than intuition. Since then the battle between reason and intuition has been going on till today.
Science and technology have been the masters of the modern day man. Men/women engaged in this fields have day and night toiled to remove the darkness-both materially and rationally- from human world and succeeded to a much significant way.
The darkness, which is termed as ignorance in figurative way, was a protective veil which barred us from knowing the its mystique of imperishable creation. As soon as the science helped us unveil this mystique, we have become the master of exploitation of nature.
The concept of nature as something to be worshipped, something to be afraid soon turned into ‘natural resources’ with passing of the dark.
Humanism which started in the 14th century against the irrationality of god centric world has turned into the unprecedented exploitative phenomenon which no historic or prehistoric era had ever witnessed. Rivers have been ravished, land destroyed, trees looted; birds and animals have been molested, bred and eaten alive. And yet the look at the human dictionary meaning of ‘humanity’ and ‘animality’.
Undoubtedly, new efforts at nature preservation have started and young men and women have coming out for the cause. But the real concern which still need greater amount of address is our sensibility for nature. We must reinvent that joy of being enthralled and awed by natural phenomena. We must change our terminology to nature centric words. Only then this ‘son of man’ can save his existence.
Wednesday, March 18, 2020
GVP by my eyes, Come, Behold it
Gujarat Vidyapith lingers on in my memories as soon as I leave the campus and reach my home.
The institute is not stately building like any palace nor it has any marble floors to roll on. It is as sober and simple as can be and this simplicity runs through the food, dress, and all day long activities of GVP. Then what makes GVP so appealing?
To me, it is the avenues of GVP which keep haunting me in a most pleasant way. Whether I am going for Upasana in haste or returning back from college, relaxed; they are always there to see me off and to welcome again.
It is the trees of GVP I miss most as they guard my silence and stand over me to look after like mother.
It is the birds of all varieties which work all day long to build their nest only so as to rest. And they wait for me to sing me that unselfish melody.
Yes, it is that delight of that falling leaf in this autumn which had roused me up to fall in love once again.
It is that softly jogging wind of my campus which heals me whenever it encounters and inspire me to walk more.
And definitely it is all my bosom buddies with whom I often share the pleasant encounters of my eyes.
It is also the joy of strolling in the library, unselectively picking up a book and then losing myself in the realm of some fantasy world.
It is the tea of Pipla or Khadiya or even our kitchen which reinvigorates me to hope again. It is the GVP of my eyes. Come, share yours too.
Monday, March 16, 2020
કયું રોના?
From stock photo
ઓમ ચોં ભુલા પડિયા?
કો રોના: ‘અલા ભિયા, મેં તો નેકર્યો શુ ફરવા, દેશ વિદેશ માં વેપાર કરું શુ ભિયા?’
‘એમ? શેનો વેપાર કરો શો ભિયા? લગી અમને પણ કો?’
'ભિયા નેનો એવો વેપારી શુ. ઘડિયાળ, રમકડાં, બંગડી, પાવર, દોરી, અને ફોન પણ વેચુ શુ ભિયા.'
તો તાણે આવો, બે પોંચ દિ રોકાવ, વિહામો લે બાપ.
'પણ આ મોઢે રોમાલ વારા લઈ હેંડ્યા સે મારા દિયોરો? ભિયા હું કોંઈ એમ મેમોન ગતિ કર્યા વગર મેલું એમ નથી. મારા દિયરો, ઓમ તો કે લાવો મોબાઇલ ચોઈના નો, લાવો દોરી ચોઈના ની, લાવો બત્તી ચોઈના ની, અન હવે ના પાડો લા?'
Jagdish Joshi selected for ‘leadership for academic program’ in Delhi
Ahmedabad: Jagdish Joshi, a Gujarat University professor and the director of Indian Association For Canadian Studies (IACS), has been selected for ‘Leadership For Academicians Program’ (LEAP), a development training program for academic functionaries by ministry of human resource development, Delhi and Harvard Graduate School of Education, USA in Delhi.
Professor Joshi is versatile scholar who has been training professionals and officers of various fields since 2005. He has association with more than eight national and international vocational institutes and visited total 19 countries which includes Canada, Germany, UK, France, Switzerland and Netherland.
To honour his exceptional work in field of education, United Nation Organization has awarded him with ‘Excellence in Education’ by (UNO) in 2006.
Professor Joshi is versatile scholar who has been training professionals and officers of various fields since 2005. He has association with more than eight national and international vocational institutes and visited total 19 countries which includes Canada, Germany, UK, France, Switzerland and Netherland.
To honour his exceptional work in field of education, United Nation Organization has awarded him with ‘Excellence in Education’ by (UNO) in 2006.
Cellphones buy will become difficult as new GST rate increases to 18%
The GST Council on Saturday declared new levy on cellphones increasing it from previous 12% to 18%. This increase may affect cellphone industry and result into a decline of the purchase capacity of the consumers and
According to the reports, the decision of increase has been taken to correct the previous tax structure in which the components of cellphone were levied higher than the end product -cellphone itself.
Explaining the logic behind the hike, finance secretary ABP Pandey said, “The mobile manufacturers will do the calculation but it is not simple math of 6% increase…Because of the inverted duty structure, capital was also getting blocked and the cost was being recovered from consumers.”
However, mobile retailers seemed not satisfied with this argument. All India Mobile Retailers Association (AIMRA) stated that the increase of 6% will affect adversely the mobile retail industry and the consumer’s demand will also decline because of this action.
According to the reports, the decision of increase has been taken to correct the previous tax structure in which the components of cellphone were levied higher than the end product -cellphone itself.
Explaining the logic behind the hike, finance secretary ABP Pandey said, “The mobile manufacturers will do the calculation but it is not simple math of 6% increase…Because of the inverted duty structure, capital was also getting blocked and the cost was being recovered from consumers.”
However, mobile retailers seemed not satisfied with this argument. All India Mobile Retailers Association (AIMRA) stated that the increase of 6% will affect adversely the mobile retail industry and the consumer’s demand will also decline because of this action.
Economy will worsen if coronavirus not curbed within a year, warn Swaminathan Aiiyar
New Delhi: Warning the government on possible worsening situation of the economy of nation, Swaminathan Aiyyar, a prominent economist says, that if coronavirus is not controlled within a year, there will be devastating consequences for the national economy.
Aiiyar further added that at present nothing can be predicted as to the total control of the corona situation. “There are still chances of recovery despite the current slowdown in economy if the coronavirus situation comes under control within three months of time, but after six month, it will badly impact the economy.”
He feared that failure to control the situation within nine months of time can turn into a situation like the Spanish flue epidemic in 1918-19 which had affected more than 20,000 crore people and killed five crore people word wide. Crores of people will lose their lives and the economy will suffer more crisis than that of 2008.
Aiiyar tells that nation’s big companies will have not sufficient amount of money to pay back their loans if the epidemic survives a year. He also made it clear that no government of RBI policies can revive the economy after a certain period of time of coronavirus spread.
Aiiyar further added that at present nothing can be predicted as to the total control of the corona situation. “There are still chances of recovery despite the current slowdown in economy if the coronavirus situation comes under control within three months of time, but after six month, it will badly impact the economy.”
He feared that failure to control the situation within nine months of time can turn into a situation like the Spanish flue epidemic in 1918-19 which had affected more than 20,000 crore people and killed five crore people word wide. Crores of people will lose their lives and the economy will suffer more crisis than that of 2008.
Aiiyar tells that nation’s big companies will have not sufficient amount of money to pay back their loans if the epidemic survives a year. He also made it clear that no government of RBI policies can revive the economy after a certain period of time of coronavirus spread.
Translation of a Dalit story
While Prabha was walking towards me with tea and breakfast I just spoke to her in rather high sound: Could you please close the door, the clouds of dust are pushing in! How would I have breakfast in this situation?
: It is your routine nonsense.
: What else would I say? If only this Heerji could sweep slowly! What can he lose in doing so?
: Will flowers fly instead of dust while sweeping the road ?
: You take sides with Heerji everyday!
: Why would I not? He cleans the road everyday. What can the poor fellow do for the dust coming in our house if it happens to be on the road?
: 'Ok Ok now!'
: I looked sternly to my wife but she did not like it. Widening her eyes, she put the breakfast on the tripod and walked to the kitchen after closing the door. I looked at her graceful feet. I like the sound of her anklets but cursed this Heerji! I became sullen in my mind to the style Heerji's sweeping which flew the dust. I readied myself for the office early in the morning. Sometimes, I also brought some unfinished office tasks to home. The morning was quite suitable to me for finishing up my tasks but the fear of dust coming in forced me to keep the door shut. I hated it!
Heerji is the sweeper of our society. He regularly comes to sweep with her with Kamla. He comes up so soon as I start to enjoy the fresh morning breeze after completing my bath and other activities. Just seeing him there, I become lifeless. I become alert as soon as notice the dust spread about the house of the neighbour. Before I could even shut the windows of the house, his broom starts running fast before my house. And a lot of dust has entered the house before I could shut the door! I am bitter and start condemning Heerji. I could beforehand shut the door until he came on regular time. But he won't come regularly for some time. He comes sometime at 8 or at 9. No certainty. I was so upset that I wanted to say this son of sweeper to stop sweeping before my house. But would I be spared from Prabha's wrath then? My god, how come that you just cannot do away with this people? It would be nicer had there been no chapter of dirt in the book of the world. No sweeper and no resenter! Rest. But some other thing would replace it if had it been not about the dirt. Something was sure to be. There would have been others like Heerji who would not allow you breath of peace. This Heerji has caused so much trouble to me. What should I do about him? Hardly I bask in the Sun and I see him so I shut the door fast with a thunder. I am greatly relieved if he does not come early in the morning. I am a person who enjoys breakfast at leisure in the morning. Finishing her worship, Prabha offers the breakfast which I relish slowly. He comes up just at that time rubbing his broom on the road as if he was just waiting for me. Before I could even shut the door with haste, Prabha would utter from the Kitchen.
: Shut the door slowly.
: 'You mind you own business'
Prabha would respond to me from the Kitchen if she is busy. If she is free, she would place her hands on her waist and talk to me in a voice of rather scolding.
(Page2)
It is not only us having the house on the road. There are other 10 houses in our line. No one reacts like you. It is good that Heerji is unaware of your annoyance. How painful would it be for him to know about this?
: 'Then be he, I see him as a nuisance. He must have known about this. How come he comes up just when I keep the windows and doors open? '
: ' It is useless to convince you, you cannot straighten dog's tail. You are better in the office...'
Prabha made fun of me at a times so I did not argue further. I would go to office while despising Heerji within my mind. Even the office would look as if it were twilight. I kept on shaking off the dust which seemed to have pierced throughout my body. The dust was after me, it had found out my whereabout.
I happened to go out for some days for office work. I was head officer so naturally the officers of the sub-offices chant on 'Trivedi Saheb', Trivedi Saheb'. I felt good for leaving behind illusion of Heerji for three days. Moreover I was hosted and honoured greatly so I completely forgot about Heerji. With this feeling of lordship, I boarded the train at 12 of the night to return. I decided to reach home before Heerji came to sweep. I saw him sweep before my house when I entered the society early in the morning. 'So earl?'. 'He must want to return home soon for some task and should have come early for that matter.' I told the driver to stop the car just at the gate of the society. I got down and the driver drove the car off. Meanwhile I had my sight toward my house. I instantly reached my house and noticed that Heerji swept in such a way that no dust was spreading. 'What a pervert, when I am home, he spreads so much dust but not today?' It was inculcated in my mind that Heerji did so in order to piss me off. I opened the door of house. Before I could close it, he came before and said,
: 'Saheb, salute.'
When I sternly looked at him, he started giggling. I thought that my doubt was true. I looked around the road. Everything was neat and clean..
He had saluted me so I felt some affection for him.
: Oye, Heerji, it must be acknowledged that you are number one in cleaning'
: ' That is okay Sahab, but you seem not to be grateful for that? Do you?'
: 'Why did you speak so?'
: ' We clean the whole world, but did you ever say that brother come for tea some day. Did you just give a theplu of some ganthiya?
I was not fool to accept his request. It would spoil them. I laughed loudly in order to divert the talk. I liked his way of conversation. His wife Kamla was removing the garbage from house dustbin to hand cart. It's stink made me alert. Kamla was collecting waste with her tin basket as if she felt no stink. Her hands were stark dirty.
I took my eyesight off her and looked at Heerji. He used to come wearing clean clothes. His hair, as if poured over whole bottle of coconut oil, radiated in the sun. He parted hair from side and set it loose. Some hair pressed in the middle like Dev Anand. Not inferior in look. If dressed in suite and boot, he would look like a Brahmin. Ottari Brahmin! Like me? No, no. What, bricks and mortar? Certainly not in this birth. Without uttering anything I entered the house. He started sweeping while looking at my house. This time he, like sullen, flew more and more dust. And I shut the door bang.
My sister-in-law and her husband had come over night just a few days ago. After completing our baths , we were having breakfast while the windows and doors were open. Suddenly, I heard the screeching sound of the broom. Oh my god! I sprang up. What will happen now? There were spirals of clouds before I could think of anything else. Morning sunlight was over my cot. The particles of dust looked so fly over in it that my sister-in-law spoke up in anger.
: 'Banevi, tell that brother to sweep slowly...'
I did not come out. I shut the window and before I could shut the door my sister-in-law clamored with rage.
: ' Can you not tell him? Why shut the door? Wait, I will tell...'
Prabha and I were struck with fear. We were familiar with the nature of the sister-in-law. She could unnecessarily start a quarrel with Heerji. I request her to leave the matter. He does this everyday but what can we do about it?
: ' Why will he not obey?' He will not be spared today....
The sister-in-law had rushed so close to the door. Prabha ran and caught her by the hand. She closed the door and brought her unwillingly back to seat.
The further quarrel was avoided that day. But Heerji won't stop it. He did it as if with an intention to irritate me. His naughty acts increased day by day. I became relaxed once he was away with sweeping from house. No sooner I had left the doors and windows open than he returned. He would brush his broom on the ground while passing by house. I got frightened. Sometime he would hold the gate of my compound and shout.
'Saheb...!'
I could see him clearly from my window.
I would respond in anger: 'What is it?'
: What is up?
: What do you want?
: I thought I should salute to Saheb while passing.
What is the salute for, brother!
: ' Because you are unhappy with me...' He would say and passed away by laughing loudly. Look, whom should I complain to? Prabhadevi won't just listen to me. The neighbours had been accustomed to the dust. And this son of me was becoming more daring. I swore him a lot in my mind. One day I came out the house as soon as he swept before my house and went to next house. His wife Kamla after picking up the waste from door to dare stood before my house with her cart. I got the chance I wanted.
: Kamlaben, please come here?
: 'Speak, Saheb!'
: ' Why don't you say something to Heerji?'
: 'Why?' 'What is the matter?'
: 'Look, do you notice any dust over there other houses?'
: 'No.'
: ' Why then does he fly so much dust before my house?'
: 'He would never do such a mischief. There is a pit here. We face much breathing problem while sweeping here. And do you scold us in addition to that? Dust does fly while sweeping, Saheb.
: 'But in suh large amount?'
: 'Order to stop sweeping if such is the case. I can hear you say low of Heerji everyday.
Lo, now what to tell Kamla? It just all went wrong with her! I silently went into the house. I could not focus even in the office that day. My head was heavy. Being bored, I left early from the office that day. Usually I left the office late. Before I arrived, Harjee would be off with his food. I never happened to encounter him. Today I came early and he had to encounter him. Her wife was carrying the pot of food on her head and walking ahead, Harjee was behind her. I slowed my pace, I did want to be with him. Before Kamla could reach my house; Fulchand, a bhaiya of U.P, who lived in our society, met him. He stopped to talk to him. I could not avoid overtaking him whatever way I walked slow. As I reached near, Fulchand Gupta asked, 'How are you?' I, therefore, was forced to stop by him. I was a Brahmin so naturally the Bhaiyyas of our society address me as panditji and took care of my honor. They would also invite me to perform katha. I stopped. Heerji smiled at me. But I showed horrid face to him, and started to converse with Fulchand. Fulchand had a heart attack sometime ago, he could be saved only because of instant admittance to hospital. He says that two of his arteries were blocked so two stands were placed there. Managing time, I had visited him to ask for his condition in the hospital. So if I do not inquire about his health, I would be considered mannerless.
: 'Brother Fulchand, how well are you now?'
: 'Quite well... now I have become strong and healthy!'
: 'Very good. There is no need to worry.'
Fulchand was greatful that I cared for him. It was good that Hirjee was silent. I would not have liked him meddle in the conversation. Fulchand was thinking about something. I also was in thoughts of Hirjee. But as Fulchand spoke so I looked at him.
: Look Panditji, If you are strong in mind then any problem can be solved.
(Page-4)
Before I could say anything in his agreement, Heerji interfered.
Bhaiyaji, you are not right in this. You must have virtue in your account with all of your five fingers. You are saved because you have done it. Many people are thankless and miser, how would they know the value of virtue. He looked at me with sly eyesight and started to walk after saying this.
It angered me so much that I wanted to crush him. We know about virtue and vice, not you. Understood? What have you done other than flying dust, you fool?
I wanted to make him hear hurtful things before he could reach my house. But he left speedily after taking the meal before I could reach there. I started to feel a headache. What now? Now I strted to devise against Heerji whteher at home or in office. Eveen in my dreams was Heerji. Broom and dust... The dust flying about.... I make effort to escape but it just follows me. All in vain even if I try to use my hands as a cover against it. Getting lost and worn out I close my eyes. As soon I open them Heerji is in front of me with his broom. Once a man with towel worn over his head was sweeping with Heerji. Dirty by hands and feet; torn vest and lungi. Heerji was repeatedly gauding him with the broom. That man with folded hands was beseechng Heerji. The face of that man shone in the sunlight; it was me! My heart started fluttering. I rose up in the cot and started breathing highly. I went to the toilet, lay myself in the bed but could not sleep. I woke up early and started walking around. I opened he doors and windows for better air circulation. It was no worry as he came at between 8 to 9 o'clock. I took bath and stayed for a while in the sun. I came in, took breakfast but Heerji did not appear. It ticked me. 'rascal, why does not appear?' I swore in mind. Anyway I had loathed this community from the very beginning... It especially pricked me that these Harijans have become my bosses in office by taking the advantage of the reservation. I took my frustration out on worthless fellows like Heerji. And this way I satisfied my ego. What else could I do? But what has happened to Heerji? He would come up maximum at 9 even if he was late. I, tired of wait, went inside and opened the doors and windows. I completed some unfinished office work. While i was dressing, I heard his broom. Oh mother, he is come. Now the dust will spread. The dust started to fly as if he was on a mission to fly away the bees. As I shut the window and went to the door, he stopped sweeping. I felt as he was knocking at the door.
: Saheb. O saheb!
I answered from the middle of the door.
: 'What is it? Why do you yell?'
: 'By the way, what business I could have with you? Your wife told that I displease you by spreading the dust. So I thought to say sorry to you. It is just that.'
: 'No, no it is not so brother. I just mean your safety. You fly dust which can make you ill by reaching to the lungs. Why don't you put on mask?'
: 'Look saheb. It is futile to live in dust and have kingly dreams. Nothing is nobler than the dust reaches to the lungs and kills me. It will just pay off the dues of this life. And especially it will give me freedom from the haters like you.'
He treaded slowly to his broom, picked it up and stopped for a while. I saw him turn and wipe his tears. My conscience stirred up for a while and I felt something novel inside me. But after a while, I thought, 'who cares?'. After this, I felt as if there is a strong bleeding in my lungs.
Heerji did not spread much dust in front of my house after this incident. The dust was spread around other's house when he swept fast. But he would be slow and careful not to spread much dust before my house. I started admiring this change in Heerji. However, he would turnover all of this by winnowing his broom harshly whenever he was frustrated. I thought: 'When will I get riddance of this load?'
Heerji was irregular for some time. Kamala would sweep cursorily in front of the house. Heerji would come sometime or sometime not. I enquired with Kamala, she replied, "He is not well. He must be admitted to the hospital." I felt, " great, free from the dust now." I shuddered within the mind. What have I just desired? Do brahmins have blank eyes just for this? Selfishness.Pure selfishness! If not more then at least a little, but I felt ashamed of myself.
Kamala did not come to sweep for a complete week. On the next week Prabha cleaned the whole house as there was much waste accumalated in the house. Prabha had collected the waste in the dustbin and placed it in the corner of the compound. As she was busy in the household chores so the waste of two days stayed in the same way. I thought to give it to Kamala if she came to sweep so I stood waiting for her. As she had not come even at 9 O'clock so I bent down to look through the main gate of the society. While doing so the grill hurt which instigated me to swear. Despite that I kept patience and looked again. A sweeper was coming with his broom trailing after him. I carefully observed him: ' He does surely not appear to be Heerji. Who will it be?' As I bent a little more forward, his countenance became clear. He was not Heerji. He came sweeping from the gate to the door of my house; the dust started to fly.
: Hey, this son of mine flies more dust even than Heerji, what should I do? I told Prabha not to bring tea and breakfast at this time. I stayed to see the style of sweeping of this new sweeper. Heerji was sobre, he had worn the narrow bottomed pant and short sleeved shirt...His hair well combed with the mask on the mouth. He straightened the broom and held his chin on the tip of the broom; he stood as if he was pleased to see me. I scornfully looked at him. He stared back at me unflutteringly. I was wearing lungi and vest as I had taken bath just recently. He must have understood the meaning of my scornful look/ He unmasked himself and asked loudly: 'How are you Bhagat!
: 'Bhagat....!
: 'Yes, You looked like a bhagat to me. Tell me truth which caste you belong?
: 'Brhamin am. Pure brahmin....'
He rattled into a laughter. He looked at me slantingly and nodded in negative. Then he held the bar of the grill so close to me and spoke : 'But you do not look like a brahmin.'
: ' Then whom do I look alike?'
: 'Like us. You looked to me as if of my own caste, where do you belong to?
He started teasing with me. The wrath within me started hissing. I wanted to insult him sarcastically; I wanted to insult him by using such words which his seven generations would remember. ' Rascal! What is he proud about? He considered me as one of them? ' I started to tremble with the anger. He started to mock me and made a howling gesture.
:' Who sent you here?'
: 'Heerji...Why do you need to ask?'
: 'Where is Heerji?'
: ' He has been admitted to the hospital.'
Why has Heerji set this evil on in my society? My anger increased and entered to my hand.
I went on to strike my hand against the grill, but at once withdrew it fearing it might hurt. He started to sweep while looking at me with distraught eyes. Spirals of dust started to hover. 'Sweep slow you moron, better than you was Heerji....' But who would listen to me? I tried to block the dust by the cover of hands. But I was thoroughly dusted before I could go in the house and close the door. When I tried to see him, he looked pale through the clouds of the dust. The dust started to prick me as if i were standing in the burrow of the dust! I bent down and watched the ground; the whole compound was dusted. I took the broom in my hand and started to sweep as if I were to club that man completely. It started to itch me. I looked to the vest. Completely dirty. Open shouldered I turned my neck to and fro and looked around. I felt so ashamed. I tapped stongly the palm on my shoulder, the dust flied. I shook my lungi. I saw the bacteria fly in the sunlight. Helplessly I continued to sweep. While sweeping It occured to me 'Do I truely belong to his caste?'
: It is your routine nonsense.
: What else would I say? If only this Heerji could sweep slowly! What can he lose in doing so?
: Will flowers fly instead of dust while sweeping the road ?
: You take sides with Heerji everyday!
: Why would I not? He cleans the road everyday. What can the poor fellow do for the dust coming in our house if it happens to be on the road?
: 'Ok Ok now!'
: I looked sternly to my wife but she did not like it. Widening her eyes, she put the breakfast on the tripod and walked to the kitchen after closing the door. I looked at her graceful feet. I like the sound of her anklets but cursed this Heerji! I became sullen in my mind to the style Heerji's sweeping which flew the dust. I readied myself for the office early in the morning. Sometimes, I also brought some unfinished office tasks to home. The morning was quite suitable to me for finishing up my tasks but the fear of dust coming in forced me to keep the door shut. I hated it!
Heerji is the sweeper of our society. He regularly comes to sweep with her with Kamla. He comes up so soon as I start to enjoy the fresh morning breeze after completing my bath and other activities. Just seeing him there, I become lifeless. I become alert as soon as notice the dust spread about the house of the neighbour. Before I could even shut the windows of the house, his broom starts running fast before my house. And a lot of dust has entered the house before I could shut the door! I am bitter and start condemning Heerji. I could beforehand shut the door until he came on regular time. But he won't come regularly for some time. He comes sometime at 8 or at 9. No certainty. I was so upset that I wanted to say this son of sweeper to stop sweeping before my house. But would I be spared from Prabha's wrath then? My god, how come that you just cannot do away with this people? It would be nicer had there been no chapter of dirt in the book of the world. No sweeper and no resenter! Rest. But some other thing would replace it if had it been not about the dirt. Something was sure to be. There would have been others like Heerji who would not allow you breath of peace. This Heerji has caused so much trouble to me. What should I do about him? Hardly I bask in the Sun and I see him so I shut the door fast with a thunder. I am greatly relieved if he does not come early in the morning. I am a person who enjoys breakfast at leisure in the morning. Finishing her worship, Prabha offers the breakfast which I relish slowly. He comes up just at that time rubbing his broom on the road as if he was just waiting for me. Before I could even shut the door with haste, Prabha would utter from the Kitchen.
: Shut the door slowly.
: 'You mind you own business'
Prabha would respond to me from the Kitchen if she is busy. If she is free, she would place her hands on her waist and talk to me in a voice of rather scolding.
(Page2)
It is not only us having the house on the road. There are other 10 houses in our line. No one reacts like you. It is good that Heerji is unaware of your annoyance. How painful would it be for him to know about this?
: 'Then be he, I see him as a nuisance. He must have known about this. How come he comes up just when I keep the windows and doors open? '
: ' It is useless to convince you, you cannot straighten dog's tail. You are better in the office...'
Prabha made fun of me at a times so I did not argue further. I would go to office while despising Heerji within my mind. Even the office would look as if it were twilight. I kept on shaking off the dust which seemed to have pierced throughout my body. The dust was after me, it had found out my whereabout.
I happened to go out for some days for office work. I was head officer so naturally the officers of the sub-offices chant on 'Trivedi Saheb', Trivedi Saheb'. I felt good for leaving behind illusion of Heerji for three days. Moreover I was hosted and honoured greatly so I completely forgot about Heerji. With this feeling of lordship, I boarded the train at 12 of the night to return. I decided to reach home before Heerji came to sweep. I saw him sweep before my house when I entered the society early in the morning. 'So earl?'. 'He must want to return home soon for some task and should have come early for that matter.' I told the driver to stop the car just at the gate of the society. I got down and the driver drove the car off. Meanwhile I had my sight toward my house. I instantly reached my house and noticed that Heerji swept in such a way that no dust was spreading. 'What a pervert, when I am home, he spreads so much dust but not today?' It was inculcated in my mind that Heerji did so in order to piss me off. I opened the door of house. Before I could close it, he came before and said,
: 'Saheb, salute.'
When I sternly looked at him, he started giggling. I thought that my doubt was true. I looked around the road. Everything was neat and clean..
He had saluted me so I felt some affection for him.
: Oye, Heerji, it must be acknowledged that you are number one in cleaning'
: ' That is okay Sahab, but you seem not to be grateful for that? Do you?'
: 'Why did you speak so?'
: ' We clean the whole world, but did you ever say that brother come for tea some day. Did you just give a theplu of some ganthiya?
I was not fool to accept his request. It would spoil them. I laughed loudly in order to divert the talk. I liked his way of conversation. His wife Kamla was removing the garbage from house dustbin to hand cart. It's stink made me alert. Kamla was collecting waste with her tin basket as if she felt no stink. Her hands were stark dirty.
I took my eyesight off her and looked at Heerji. He used to come wearing clean clothes. His hair, as if poured over whole bottle of coconut oil, radiated in the sun. He parted hair from side and set it loose. Some hair pressed in the middle like Dev Anand. Not inferior in look. If dressed in suite and boot, he would look like a Brahmin. Ottari Brahmin! Like me? No, no. What, bricks and mortar? Certainly not in this birth. Without uttering anything I entered the house. He started sweeping while looking at my house. This time he, like sullen, flew more and more dust. And I shut the door bang.
My sister-in-law and her husband had come over night just a few days ago. After completing our baths , we were having breakfast while the windows and doors were open. Suddenly, I heard the screeching sound of the broom. Oh my god! I sprang up. What will happen now? There were spirals of clouds before I could think of anything else. Morning sunlight was over my cot. The particles of dust looked so fly over in it that my sister-in-law spoke up in anger.
: 'Banevi, tell that brother to sweep slowly...'
I did not come out. I shut the window and before I could shut the door my sister-in-law clamored with rage.
: ' Can you not tell him? Why shut the door? Wait, I will tell...'
Prabha and I were struck with fear. We were familiar with the nature of the sister-in-law. She could unnecessarily start a quarrel with Heerji. I request her to leave the matter. He does this everyday but what can we do about it?
: ' Why will he not obey?' He will not be spared today....
The sister-in-law had rushed so close to the door. Prabha ran and caught her by the hand. She closed the door and brought her unwillingly back to seat.
The further quarrel was avoided that day. But Heerji won't stop it. He did it as if with an intention to irritate me. His naughty acts increased day by day. I became relaxed once he was away with sweeping from house. No sooner I had left the doors and windows open than he returned. He would brush his broom on the ground while passing by house. I got frightened. Sometime he would hold the gate of my compound and shout.
'Saheb...!'
I could see him clearly from my window.
I would respond in anger: 'What is it?'
: What is up?
: What do you want?
: I thought I should salute to Saheb while passing.
What is the salute for, brother!
: ' Because you are unhappy with me...' He would say and passed away by laughing loudly. Look, whom should I complain to? Prabhadevi won't just listen to me. The neighbours had been accustomed to the dust. And this son of me was becoming more daring. I swore him a lot in my mind. One day I came out the house as soon as he swept before my house and went to next house. His wife Kamla after picking up the waste from door to dare stood before my house with her cart. I got the chance I wanted.
: Kamlaben, please come here?
: 'Speak, Saheb!'
: ' Why don't you say something to Heerji?'
: 'Why?' 'What is the matter?'
: 'Look, do you notice any dust over there other houses?'
: 'No.'
: ' Why then does he fly so much dust before my house?'
: 'He would never do such a mischief. There is a pit here. We face much breathing problem while sweeping here. And do you scold us in addition to that? Dust does fly while sweeping, Saheb.
: 'But in suh large amount?'
: 'Order to stop sweeping if such is the case. I can hear you say low of Heerji everyday.
Lo, now what to tell Kamla? It just all went wrong with her! I silently went into the house. I could not focus even in the office that day. My head was heavy. Being bored, I left early from the office that day. Usually I left the office late. Before I arrived, Harjee would be off with his food. I never happened to encounter him. Today I came early and he had to encounter him. Her wife was carrying the pot of food on her head and walking ahead, Harjee was behind her. I slowed my pace, I did want to be with him. Before Kamla could reach my house; Fulchand, a bhaiya of U.P, who lived in our society, met him. He stopped to talk to him. I could not avoid overtaking him whatever way I walked slow. As I reached near, Fulchand Gupta asked, 'How are you?' I, therefore, was forced to stop by him. I was a Brahmin so naturally the Bhaiyyas of our society address me as panditji and took care of my honor. They would also invite me to perform katha. I stopped. Heerji smiled at me. But I showed horrid face to him, and started to converse with Fulchand. Fulchand had a heart attack sometime ago, he could be saved only because of instant admittance to hospital. He says that two of his arteries were blocked so two stands were placed there. Managing time, I had visited him to ask for his condition in the hospital. So if I do not inquire about his health, I would be considered mannerless.
: 'Brother Fulchand, how well are you now?'
: 'Quite well... now I have become strong and healthy!'
: 'Very good. There is no need to worry.'
Fulchand was greatful that I cared for him. It was good that Hirjee was silent. I would not have liked him meddle in the conversation. Fulchand was thinking about something. I also was in thoughts of Hirjee. But as Fulchand spoke so I looked at him.
: Look Panditji, If you are strong in mind then any problem can be solved.
(Page-4)
Before I could say anything in his agreement, Heerji interfered.
Bhaiyaji, you are not right in this. You must have virtue in your account with all of your five fingers. You are saved because you have done it. Many people are thankless and miser, how would they know the value of virtue. He looked at me with sly eyesight and started to walk after saying this.
It angered me so much that I wanted to crush him. We know about virtue and vice, not you. Understood? What have you done other than flying dust, you fool?
I wanted to make him hear hurtful things before he could reach my house. But he left speedily after taking the meal before I could reach there. I started to feel a headache. What now? Now I strted to devise against Heerji whteher at home or in office. Eveen in my dreams was Heerji. Broom and dust... The dust flying about.... I make effort to escape but it just follows me. All in vain even if I try to use my hands as a cover against it. Getting lost and worn out I close my eyes. As soon I open them Heerji is in front of me with his broom. Once a man with towel worn over his head was sweeping with Heerji. Dirty by hands and feet; torn vest and lungi. Heerji was repeatedly gauding him with the broom. That man with folded hands was beseechng Heerji. The face of that man shone in the sunlight; it was me! My heart started fluttering. I rose up in the cot and started breathing highly. I went to the toilet, lay myself in the bed but could not sleep. I woke up early and started walking around. I opened he doors and windows for better air circulation. It was no worry as he came at between 8 to 9 o'clock. I took bath and stayed for a while in the sun. I came in, took breakfast but Heerji did not appear. It ticked me. 'rascal, why does not appear?' I swore in mind. Anyway I had loathed this community from the very beginning... It especially pricked me that these Harijans have become my bosses in office by taking the advantage of the reservation. I took my frustration out on worthless fellows like Heerji. And this way I satisfied my ego. What else could I do? But what has happened to Heerji? He would come up maximum at 9 even if he was late. I, tired of wait, went inside and opened the doors and windows. I completed some unfinished office work. While i was dressing, I heard his broom. Oh mother, he is come. Now the dust will spread. The dust started to fly as if he was on a mission to fly away the bees. As I shut the window and went to the door, he stopped sweeping. I felt as he was knocking at the door.
: Saheb. O saheb!
I answered from the middle of the door.
: 'What is it? Why do you yell?'
: 'By the way, what business I could have with you? Your wife told that I displease you by spreading the dust. So I thought to say sorry to you. It is just that.'
: 'No, no it is not so brother. I just mean your safety. You fly dust which can make you ill by reaching to the lungs. Why don't you put on mask?'
: 'Look saheb. It is futile to live in dust and have kingly dreams. Nothing is nobler than the dust reaches to the lungs and kills me. It will just pay off the dues of this life. And especially it will give me freedom from the haters like you.'
He treaded slowly to his broom, picked it up and stopped for a while. I saw him turn and wipe his tears. My conscience stirred up for a while and I felt something novel inside me. But after a while, I thought, 'who cares?'. After this, I felt as if there is a strong bleeding in my lungs.
Heerji did not spread much dust in front of my house after this incident. The dust was spread around other's house when he swept fast. But he would be slow and careful not to spread much dust before my house. I started admiring this change in Heerji. However, he would turnover all of this by winnowing his broom harshly whenever he was frustrated. I thought: 'When will I get riddance of this load?'
Heerji was irregular for some time. Kamala would sweep cursorily in front of the house. Heerji would come sometime or sometime not. I enquired with Kamala, she replied, "He is not well. He must be admitted to the hospital." I felt, " great, free from the dust now." I shuddered within the mind. What have I just desired? Do brahmins have blank eyes just for this? Selfishness.Pure selfishness! If not more then at least a little, but I felt ashamed of myself.
Kamala did not come to sweep for a complete week. On the next week Prabha cleaned the whole house as there was much waste accumalated in the house. Prabha had collected the waste in the dustbin and placed it in the corner of the compound. As she was busy in the household chores so the waste of two days stayed in the same way. I thought to give it to Kamala if she came to sweep so I stood waiting for her. As she had not come even at 9 O'clock so I bent down to look through the main gate of the society. While doing so the grill hurt which instigated me to swear. Despite that I kept patience and looked again. A sweeper was coming with his broom trailing after him. I carefully observed him: ' He does surely not appear to be Heerji. Who will it be?' As I bent a little more forward, his countenance became clear. He was not Heerji. He came sweeping from the gate to the door of my house; the dust started to fly.
: Hey, this son of mine flies more dust even than Heerji, what should I do? I told Prabha not to bring tea and breakfast at this time. I stayed to see the style of sweeping of this new sweeper. Heerji was sobre, he had worn the narrow bottomed pant and short sleeved shirt...His hair well combed with the mask on the mouth. He straightened the broom and held his chin on the tip of the broom; he stood as if he was pleased to see me. I scornfully looked at him. He stared back at me unflutteringly. I was wearing lungi and vest as I had taken bath just recently. He must have understood the meaning of my scornful look/ He unmasked himself and asked loudly: 'How are you Bhagat!
: 'Bhagat....!
: 'Yes, You looked like a bhagat to me. Tell me truth which caste you belong?
: 'Brhamin am. Pure brahmin....'
He rattled into a laughter. He looked at me slantingly and nodded in negative. Then he held the bar of the grill so close to me and spoke : 'But you do not look like a brahmin.'
: ' Then whom do I look alike?'
: 'Like us. You looked to me as if of my own caste, where do you belong to?
He started teasing with me. The wrath within me started hissing. I wanted to insult him sarcastically; I wanted to insult him by using such words which his seven generations would remember. ' Rascal! What is he proud about? He considered me as one of them? ' I started to tremble with the anger. He started to mock me and made a howling gesture.
:' Who sent you here?'
: 'Heerji...Why do you need to ask?'
: 'Where is Heerji?'
: ' He has been admitted to the hospital.'
Why has Heerji set this evil on in my society? My anger increased and entered to my hand.
I went on to strike my hand against the grill, but at once withdrew it fearing it might hurt. He started to sweep while looking at me with distraught eyes. Spirals of dust started to hover. 'Sweep slow you moron, better than you was Heerji....' But who would listen to me? I tried to block the dust by the cover of hands. But I was thoroughly dusted before I could go in the house and close the door. When I tried to see him, he looked pale through the clouds of the dust. The dust started to prick me as if i were standing in the burrow of the dust! I bent down and watched the ground; the whole compound was dusted. I took the broom in my hand and started to sweep as if I were to club that man completely. It started to itch me. I looked to the vest. Completely dirty. Open shouldered I turned my neck to and fro and looked around. I felt so ashamed. I tapped stongly the palm on my shoulder, the dust flied. I shook my lungi. I saw the bacteria fly in the sunlight. Helplessly I continued to sweep. While sweeping It occured to me 'Do I truely belong to his caste?'
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
-
સપ્તપર્ણી એક પ્રકારનો કપાસનું વૃક્ષ છે. તેના પ્રત્યેક ગુચ્છ માં સાત પર્ણો આવે છે તેથી તેને સપ્તપર્ણી કહેવાય છે. આ વૃક્ષના ફૂલની સુગંધ ... -
Girishbhai Patel, a prominent revolutionary is remembered on this day in Hirak Mahotsav Khand, Gujarat Vidyapith Ahmedabad. A lawyer who ...